WordPress comment spamming can be a nuisance and potentially harm your website's user experience and SEO. To combat comment spam effectively, you can take several preventive measures and use various tools and plugins. Here's a step-by-step guide to help you combat comment spam in WordPress:

1. Enable Comment Moderation:

• Go to your WordPress dashboard.
• Navigate to "Settings" > "Discussion."
• Under "Before a comment appears," select the option "An administrator must always approve the comment."
• This will ensure that every comment needs manual approval before appearing on your site.

2. Use a CAPTCHA Plugin:

• Install and activate a CAPTCHA plugin like "reCAPTCHA" or "Google CAPTCHA (reCAPTCHA) by BestWebSoft."
• CAPTCHAs require users to complete a challenge, proving they are human, before submitting a comment.

3. Use an Anti-Spam Plugin:

• Install an anti-spam plugin like "Akismet," which comes pre-installed with WordPress. You'll need to activate it and configure it with an API key.
• Akismet automatically checks comments against its extensive spam database and filters out spam.

4. Disable HTML in Comments:

• In the "Settings" > "Discussion" section, consider disabling HTML in comments by unchecking the option "Comment author must fill out name and email."
• Disabling HTML can prevent spammers from inserting malicious links or code.

5. Set Comment Length Limits:

• Set a limit on the maximum length of comments. Long, spammy comments are less likely to get through.

6. Use Moderation Blacklists:

• In the "Discussion" settings, under "Comment Blacklist," you can add specific keywords, URLs, or IP addresses that you want to block.
• WordPress will hold any comment containing these elements for moderation.

7. Disable Comments on Older Posts:

• Consider disabling comments on older posts, as older content is often targeted by spammers.
• You can use a plugin like "Disable Comments" to bulk-disable comments on older posts.

8. Monitor and Moderate Comments:

• Regularly review and moderate comments in your WordPress dashboard.
• Be vigilant in identifying and marking spam comments for deletion.

9. Educate Users:

• In your comment guidelines or a visible place on your website, educate users about what constitutes spam and encourage them to report it.

10. Update Your WordPress Installation and Plugins:

• Keep your WordPress installation and plugins up to date to ensure that you have the latest security features and spam protection.

11. Use a CDN with DDoS Protection:

• If you're dealing with comment spam as part of a larger DDoS attack, consider using a content delivery network (CDN) with DDoS protection to help mitigate the attack.

By implementing these measures and staying proactive in managing your comments, you can significantly reduce the impact of comment spam on your WordPress website. While it's challenging to eliminate spam entirely, these steps will help you maintain a cleaner and more user-friendly comment section.